> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://mudassirs46.gitbook.io/network-fundamentals/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://mudassirs46.gitbook.io/network-fundamentals/transmitting-data-over-ethernet-utp.md).

# Transmitting Data over Ethernet UTP

* One of the [Physical Layer Standards](https://app.gitbook.com/@mudassirs46/s/network-fundamentals/~/drafts/-MRZ8l67L5MHnaQIEh9W/physical-layer-standards) defines Twisted Pair Cable Standards.
* To send the Data over a Twisted Pair Cable that uses Copper as a medium, it first creates a circuit between the two nodes using RJ45 Jack.
* There are 8 Wires (Wt Orange-Orange, Wt Green-Green, Wt Blue-Blue, Wt Brown-Brown) creating 4 pairs inside a Twisted Pair Cable.
* Each pair (Wt Orange-Orange) creates a circuit where one Transmits the current & another receives the current at a time.
* After creating a circuit two nodes follow a rule called Encoding Scheme which converts the Digital Data into a sequence of bits then again to Digital Data.
* Earlier Computers used to follow a 4 bits BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) Encoded Scheme which allowed the computers to encode & decode Decimal Numbers only.
* Now Computers follow 16 bits UNICODE (Universal Code) Encoding Scheme which enables the computers to encode & decode not only Numbers but also Characters & Symbols as well.
* **PC, ROUTERS & WAP's Ethernet Interface Transmits on Pin 1&2 and Receives at Pin 3&6** whereas **HUB & SWITCH Transmits at Pin 3&6 and Receives on** [**Pin** ](https://app.gitbook.com/@mudassirs46/s/network-fundamentals/~/drafts/-MRZ8l67L5MHnaQIEh9W/cabling-pinouts-ethernet-utp)**1&2.**

## Reference:

CCNA 200-301 OCG, Volume 1, Pg. 39 - Wendell Odom.